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Beiträge zur Rechtsgeschichte Österreichs
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
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DATUM, UNTERSCHRIFT / DATE, SIGNATURE
BANK AUSTRIA CREDITANSTALT, WIEN (IBAN AT04 1100 0006 2280 0100, BIC BKAUATWW), DEUTSCHE BANK MÜNCHEN (IBAN DE16 7007 0024 0238 8270 00, BIC DEUTDEDBMUC)
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Beiträge zur Rechtsgeschichte Österreichs 9. Jahrgang Heft 2/2019, pp. 456-470, 2019/12/01
Der Vertrag von Saint Germain
im Kontext der europäischen Nachkriegsordnung
Population transfers have throughout history served governments as an instrument to achieve national or regimesecurity objectives. Population exchanges are a special case of such transfers. Here, states enter an intergovernmentalagreement in which the contracting parties decide on a reciprocal voluntary or involuntary transfer of populations.The perhaps most crucial precedent for such a measure is the Greco-Turkish population exchange agreed atLausanne in 1923. The present paper recalls the events that led to the agreement, which essentially legitimised expost one of the greatest humanitarian catastrophes of its time in order to solve the thorny Greco-Turkish minorityproblem once and for all. Relying mainly on the conference protocols I argue that the compulsory nature of the exchangewas imposed under duress, but against the wishes of the affected minorities, and in clear violation of thenascent international system of human rights.
Keywords: Eastern Question – Greco-Turkish War – Greece – Lausanne Conference – Ottoman Empire – Population Exchanges – Turkey