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Another True Cross: Psellos, Heraklios, and the Cross of the Archangel Michael at Sykeon

    Barbara Crostini

Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 69, pp. 99-112, 2020/05/28

doi: 10.1553/joeb69s99

doi: 10.1553/joeb69s99

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doi:10.1553/joeb69s99



doi:10.1553/joeb69s99

Abstract

This paper reads Psellos’ Oration to the Archangel Michael as a pointed political piece couched as a pious sermon about Christian miracles. It argues that, under the narrative of the theft of the “holy cross” from the shrine at Sykeon, Psellos veils a reference to a contemporary event, namely, the rebellion of Roussel of Bailleul against Michael VII. The aim of the oration is to restore credibility to the monastic community after their misplaced support of the Norman rebel. The allusion is constructed rhetorically through an elaborate etiology for the monastery, combining the dedication to the Archangel with the True Cross through the agency of Emperor Heraklios. This unexpected reference to the precious relic has so far gone unnoticed.

Keywords: Michael Psellos, Emperor Heraklios, Archangel Michael, Holy Cross, Sykeon, Roussel de Bailleul “Phrangopoulos”