This contribution investigates the factors that led to the development of “sexual health” (salutogenesis) and locates the term in a contemporary and historical perspective. Furthermore, the relevance of this concept, which was presented by the WHO and has undergone significant expansion since it was first defined, is discussed. While the sexual liberation that has been promoted since the 1960s did not necessarily mean that personal sexual needs are lived out in a healthier way, it did introduce the possibility to realise intimate fantasies and desires. The following paper aims to locate a line of tradition since antiquity and the Middle Ages, without wanting or being able to define an inevitable continuity: of course, it is necessary to consider the acceleration of the development in the last 50 years separately, for it is possible to trace a shift from sexual morals to sex as a cultural asset. This contribution provides a detailed examination of the “sexual revolution” and the resulting gradual acceptance of all sexual expressions and varieties (legal in the German-speaking area), as well as the health consequences this may have led to as a result.