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The Political History of North-west Arabia from the 6th to the 1st Century BCE: New Insights from Dadān, Ḥegrā and Taymāʾ

    Jérôme Rohmer

The Archaeology of the Arabian Peninsula 2, pp. 179-198, 2021/12/20

Connecting the Evidence. Proceedings of the International Workshop held at the 10th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Vienna on April 25, 2016

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Abstract

Based on the spectacular development of North-Arabian archaeology and epigraphy in the last fifteen years,this paper aims to reappraise the sequence and chronology of political powers in north-west Arabia during the secondhalf of the 1st millennium BCE. To this end, it summarises the epigraphic and archaeological evidence from the sitesof the al-ʿUlā area (notably Dadān and Ḥegrā) and confronts it with the recently published data from the third mainarchaeological site in north-west Arabia: Taymāʾ. This review of the evidence not only supports an early dating of theLihyanite kingdom (late 6th to mid-3rd century BCE?) and the hypothesis of a hitherto unknown Late Hellenistic politybased at Ḥegrā (later 3rd to mid-1st century BCE?), but it also leads to reassess the extent of Achaemenid and Ptolemaicinvolvement in north-west Arabia.

Keywords: north-west Arabia; late Iron Age; Hellenistic period; Liḥyān; Achaemenid Kingdom; Ptolemaic Egypt