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Kings, Queens and Goddesses at the Window

    Madeleine Mumcuoglu, Yosef Garfinkel

Ägypten und Levante 32, pp. 165-181, 2023/02/08

Internationale Zeitschrift für ägyptische Archäologie und deren Nachbargebiete
International Journal for Egyptian Archaeology and Related Disciplines

doi: 10.1553/AEundL32s165

doi: 10.1553/AEundL32s165

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doi:10.1553/AEundL32



doi:10.1553/AEundL32s165



doi:10.1553/AEundL32s165

Abstract

This paper discusses windows in New Kingdom Egypt, the Iron Age Levant and Rhodes, and Persian-era Magnesia-on-the-Meander and Ephesus. One side of the window represents royal or divine powers, while the other side represents courtiers or humble believers. There is a clear hierarchy in these situations, and the window serves as the mediator between mighty powers and daily life. Thus, the window became a cultic entity unto itself, sometimes depicted without the anthropomorphic figure.

Keywords: windows, Windows of Appearance, woman at the window, Phoenician ivories, Magnesia- on-the-Meander, Ephesus