• Dahlia Shehata - Florian Leitmeir - Kamila Wysłucha - Stefan Hagel (Editors)

Journal of Music Archaeology

Volume 2, 2024

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The Journal of Music Archaeology (JMA) is the first double-blind-reviewed open access periodical in the field of music archaeology, continuing the spirit of the series Studien zur Musikarchäologie, formerly published by the DAI. It addresses questions concerning the archaeology of sound and rhythmical behaviour of past cultures all over the globe, including the study and reconstruction of certain or possible sound tools, the investigation of soundscapes, especially where intentionally chosen or erected, as well as related historical, anthropological and ethnological research based on iconographies, literatures, and comparative studies reflecting the wide range of approaches and methodologies that has characterised music archaeology from its beginnings.

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Journal of Music Archaeology

ISSN 2960-4184
Online Edition

ISBN 978-3-7001-9730-0
Online Edition



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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2,
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: bestellung.verlag@oeaw.ac.at
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How do we perceive the sounds of both original and replica archaeological metal sound objects? An interdisciplinary study of systematic musicology, music psychology, and music archaeology

    Jörg Mühlhans, Markus Foramitti, Beate Maria Pomberger

Journal of Music Archaeology, Volume 2, 2024, pp. 89-114, 2024/12/18

Volume 2, 2024

doi: 10.1553/0x003fc0fa


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doi:10.1553/0x003fc0fa

Abstract

The history of metal idiophones dates back as far as metalworking itself. These sound objects served various purposes, such as attracting attention, displaying social status, and practical use in signalling. While once integral to everyday life, these sound objects are now rarely seen outside of museums or medieval markets. In the project “Metallic Idiophones from 800 BC – 800 CE”, original and replicated metal idiophones from Central Europe were examined for their acoustic properties. Within the group of examined objects, variations in construction, shape, and alloys based on era and region can be seen. In this study, a selection of 21 original and replicated idiophones that cover most of the variations are examined for the subjective perception of their sounds. Participants in the online listening experiment (n=102, mean age = 35.6) rated sounds on pleasantness, brightness, sharpness, complexity, activation, and valence. Personality traits, musicality, preferences for sound jewellery, and beliefs in object properties were also assessed. While 75% showed low pref-erence for sound jewellery, some associated it with high social status or metaphysical abilities. Belief in these abilities correlated with openness and preference. No age or gender effects were observed in sound ratings. Overall, sound level negatively correlated with pleasantness and posi-tively with sharpness, activation, and valence. Sounds with higher tone-noise-ratio were perceived as brighter and sharper. Bell sounds were rated brighter, sharper, and higher in valence/activation than chimes, but lower in pleasantness. Though not directly applicable to the past, the study re-vealed effects related to human hearing rather than socio-cultural significance. Loud, bright, and sharp sounds were rated unpleasant, suggesting a shift from jewellery to signalling use.

Keywords: Music Archaeology – Psychoacoustics – Psychology of Music – Metallic Idiophones – Originals - Replicas