• Vienna Institute of Demography (Ed.) - Miguel Sánchez-Romero - Michaela Kreyenfeld - Iñaki Permanyer - Michaela Potančoková - Vanessa di Lego (Guest Eds.)

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research 2025

Population inequality matters

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Research Articles

Inequality, heterogeneity, and chance: Multiple factors and their interactions
Hal Caswell - Silke F. van Daalen

Life tables under current risk composition based on observed, fixed characteristics
Magdalena Muszyńska-Spielauer - Tim Riffe

Leadership skills and family formation among males. A study based on Swedish register data
Steffen Peters - Kieron Barclay

Life course heterogeneity and the future labour force – A dynamic microsimulation analysis for Austria
Thomas Horvath - Martin Spielauer - Philipp Warum

Data and Trends

The contributions of past immigration to current age-sex structures of immigrant populations in Australia
James Raymer - James O’Donnell - Qing Guan

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Vienna Yearbook of Population Research 2025
ISSN 1728-4414
Print Edition
ISSN 1728-5305
Online Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-9681-5
Print Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-9682-2
Online Edition



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Life tables under current risk composition based on observed, fixed characteristics

    Magdalena Muszyńska-Spielauer, Tim Riffe

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research 2025, pp. , 2025/03/28

Population inequality matters

doi: 10.1553/p-4pz2-cebp


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doi:10.1553/p-4pz2-cebp


Abstract

We examine how differences in risk composition between the overall synthetic life table cohort versus one that would be living under current mortality conditions influence life table mortality statistics. We propose formulas (i) for adjusting the force of mortality and life table statistics, eliminating heterogeneity introduced by the lagged risk composition of the synthetic cohort based on observed, fixed characteristics; and (ii) for decomposing the difference between two statistics under current risk composition, life expectancy (LE) and average lifespan deprivation (Dep) into the effects of differences in composition and of the summary mortality statistics of the subgroups. We use data on educational attainment in Denmark in 1991–1995 and 2011–2015 to illustrate these methods. The empirical example shows that the difference between the “standard” LE and the one under current risk composition is noteworthy, but the gap for Dep is negligible. Additionally, both the increase in the LEs of the educational groups and the shift in the composition of the population due to educational expansion contributed to the increase in the LE under current educational composition of both sexes. The observed decrease in Dep over the study years for both sexes resulted predominantly from the decrease in Dep of educational groups.

Keywords: Lagged risk composition; Compositional bias; Heterogeneity in mortality; Period life expectancy; Educational attainment