Geistes-, sozial- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Anzeiger, 159. Jahrgang 2024, pp. 61-76, 2025/04/16
159. Jahrgang 2024
Borders Matter: Rereading the Rhine-Danube Limes and the End of the Roman Empire
Grenzen – borders – can be viewed from many perspectives. Alexander Demandt subscribes to a model where borders are well defned geographical entities, with “Römer” on one side and “Germanen” on the other. In this view, Romans and Germans engaged in an epochal confict in which the Germans eventually broke through and ultimately emerged victorious. This contribution, however, considers another view of the frontier, in which Roman authority was regularly projected into barbaricum in many ways – political, military, social, and economic. Based on not only traditional textual sources but also material culture and visual evidence, this study suggests that by utilizing the Roman institution of client kingship, which itself was based on that most characteristic of Roman institutions, clientela, the government sponsored massive barbarian immigration into the empire and was able to engage large numbers of barbarians in Roman military service. Barbarian populations on the other side of the Grenzen were incorporated into the Roman system in the same way that frst Italians and then provincials had been assimilated into the Roman world. As a result, in the late empire, an increasingly homogeneous society was created that encompassed populations on both sides of the “frontier”.
Keywords: client kings; frontiers; barbaricum; Alamanni; barbarian auxiliaries