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Römische Historische Mitteilungen 65/2023
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
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Römische Historische Mitteilungen 66/2024, pp. 129-138, 2025/09/25
At a time when Papalism theories were at a peak, Ockham was one of the sharpest critics of the papacy until the end of his life. In his early academic writings, Ockham still valued papal decision-making powers as extensive and binding. However, in his later political writings, it becomes clear that if Papalism is exaggerated in a cer-tain way, it dialectically turns into its opposite. This was paradigmatically demon-strated in the ‘poverty dispute’ between Pope John XXII and the Franciscan Order.