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4 Wadi Ghubai and Wadi Mohorak Sites: Protohistoric Burial Fields in the Tabuk Province, Northwestern Arabia

    Sumio Fujii

The Archaeology of North Arabia, Oases and Landscapes, pp. 115-134, 2016/11/30

Proceedings of the International Congress held at the
University of Vienna, 5-8 December, 2013

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Abstract

Wadi Ghubai and Wadi Mohorak are large-scale burial or ritual fields located roughly in the centre of the Tabuk Province. Our recent surveys have proven that both sites include multiple clusters of stone-built features and that each cluster comprises three major components: a cylindrical tower tomb, an elongated platform, and a circular openair sanctuary equipped with a rectangular room at its eastern corner. Though still patchy, available evidence suggests that the burial fields were established by Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age pastoral nomads who migrated in the area on a seasonal basis. The sites follow the Neolithic settlement of al-ᶜAynah in the same area and, in this sense, provide a valuable key for tracing the process of pastoral nomadisation in the northwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula. This paper briefly reviews the investigation results and discusses the date, function, and archaeological implications of these unique burial fields.

Keywords: Saudi Arabia, Early Bronze Age, Wadi Ghubai, Wadi Mohorak, tower tomb, pastoral nomadism