• Marta LUCIANI

The Archaeology of North Arabia.
Oases and Landscapes

Proceedings of the International Congress held at the
University of Vienna, 5-8 December, 2013

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Marta Luciani
is Professor of Ancient Near Eastern Archaeology and History at the Institute of Near Eastern Studies, University of Vienna.


The Archaeology of North Arabia: Oases and Landscapes provides us with the proceedings of the namesake international congress organised at the University of Vienna. Its rich list of contributions both on recent results of field activities and new considerations on different settlement patterns and historical and cultural processes within North Arabia makes this volume a state-of-the-art account of the multiple scholarly pursuits in the region.

The innovative topics are connected both to field research and interpretative anthropological approaches: from the oasis formation paradigm, the debate on crops, on local types of agriculture and water management systems in different desert and oases landscapes, and on the date of appearance of date palm cultivation, to funerary and ceremonial landscapes in their transition and transformation from the Chalcolithic to the Bronze and Iron Ages; from the ground-breaking presence of Syro-Levantine metal weapons in early second millennium BCE graveyards of the Northern Hejaz, the phenomenon of large-scale diffusion of oases-produced pottery wares, the attestation of chariots on rock art, and the challenges of modern-day archaeology and cultural resource management, down to the concept of environmental differentiation and identity, between mobility and connectivity.

New data and the multi- and transdisciplinary methodology espoused by the volume dramatically change our understanding of the social and cultural development, especially of social complexity, of an area often neglected in scholarly studies in the past. These proceedings, therefore, contribute substantially in positioning the archaeology of North Arabia into the broader perspective of the archaeology of the Ancient Near East, from the Neolithic to the pre-Islamic period and will hopefully become a standard work for understanding the Arabian Peninsula for years to come.

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
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Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
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The Archaeology of North Arabia. Oases and Landscapes


ISBN 978-3-7001-8002-9
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ISBN 978-3-7001-8086-9
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2,
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: bestellung.verlag@oeaw.ac.at
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9 The Role of Dūmat al-Jandal in Ancient North Arabian Routes from Pre-History to Historical Periods

    Romolo Loreto

The Archaeology of North Arabia, Oases and Landscapes, pp. 299-316, 2016/11/30

Proceedings of the International Congress held at the
University of Vienna, 5-8 December, 2013

€  119,– 

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Abstract

This paper gives a first picture of the role of Dūmat al-Jandal (ancient Adummatu) and the ‘al-Jawf’ region in the ancient roads system of northern Saudi Arabia. Due to its geographic position in the northern al-Nefūd Desert along the wādī al-Sirhān, the ancient Dūmat al-Jandal played a key role in the trade system of the Arabian Peninsula from prehistory to early Islamic times. Right from the first archaeological era, dating back to the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic, the al-Jawf appears to have seen the passage of people from Africa to the east. The Neolithic era accounts for a large number of sites throughout northern Saudi Arabia attesting how the present-day wadis were routes of passage and communication in the Peninsula. And sources from the 1st millennium BCE suggest that the ancient Adummatu was located between the southern and western caravan routes and the Fertile Crescent. During the Nabataean and Roman times, Dūmat al-Jandal seems to have had a direct link with the heart of the Nabataean realm and then with the Roman provinces, as confirmed by the identification of imported wares and military structures by the Saudi-Italian-French archaeological project. Finally, Dūmat al-Jandal experienced a period of rich commercial trading during the Byzantine and early Islamic domination, testified by the Islamic sources describing the role of the Dūmah ‘market’, Ukhaydir ibn ᶜAbd al-Mālik and the relations between Byzantium, the North Arabian Peninsula and the Sassanid Empire.

Keywords: Saudi Arabia, Neolithic, Bronze Age, caravan routes, Arabia